Type-writing machine.



A. T; BROWN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, I904.

Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. T. BROWN. .TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1904.

Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

\ 3 SHEBTS-SHEBT 2.

@513 (liter/1421 I III A. T; BROWN. I TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

' APPLIGATIONHIILED JUNE 29, 19,04.

Patented Feb.- 2, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Mia/m mm ALEXANDER-'1. BROWN, or SRAGUSE,=-NEW- YORK.

TYPE-WRITING. MAGHIN-Ei Specification of Letters Patent;

1 PatentediFeb. 2, 1909.

Application filed June 29 190. vSerial Nio- 214,624.

TQa ZZQwhOmI ZtJnc/y cmem.-.

Belt .known that I, ALEXANDER T. Bnown,

a. citizen of the- United. States, and resident ofi'Syracuse, inthe county. of Onondagaand State of. l\ e,w' York, I have invented certain new and, useful Improvementsv inQ-Typer' 'Writing. Machines,- of which the following isi a specification.

My invention relates a} typewriting ma;

chines and moreespecially. to the carriage. 'feedlngand return ng devices and". the line,

space mechanism of. such machines.

" One. of the ob ects ofmy invention s to provide pewriting machine, the carriage. 5 .f.eed1ng'. an returning mechanism of which maybe readily geared up for usefin writing:

either a languagesuch as English, which is written from left tQ-Ilgllt, or 'alanguage such as Arabic, which 1s written fromr1ght to left, without requiring any changes in the framework, and requiring a minimum change in the mechanism, to adapt themachinegl'o one language or another. Another object of my. invention is *to proride a; line space'mechanism. whichis operated by a carriage returning mechanism which .is-mounted on the main frame.

One embodiment ofmy nventlon 1s 1llus-" trated in the, accoinpanylng drawings, 1n.

' Y 1 parts arenot shown as they are notclaimed which Figurel 1s a verticaljsectional view ofa typevvriting nacliiiie, the section being taken from front-to rear thereof; Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of said machine; Fig. 3 is a dia grammatic view in end elevation of the carriage returning and line space mechanism;

and Fig. 4 is-a front view of a portion of '.the same. 7

I. have shown my invention applied to a frontrstrike: typewriter, the main frame of which comprises a base portion 1, from which rise posts 2 which support a top plate on which is mounted arail having raceways in its front and rear edges which oo- 45. operate with correspondingrace-ways in the carriage 5, which is su aported by anti-friction balls or rollers'ti which run in said race- 'ways. The platen 7 is mounted in the carriage, and types mountedmn the upwardly so and rearwardly' striking type bars 8,- strikiagainst the front faceof said platen. S

type bars are pivotally mounted on a seg ment 9, and are actuated by links'10 pivoted sto e pd to the t pe bars and at the other end the/l pwar extending arins 11,. ofv

flin'g arms -12. of which are connected by links ase portion-1 of'the main frame and at stemsloffwhich are rock shafts 15, an 'said'rock'shafts are re turned to normal'position by springs 19- in a manner well known in the art. The bell cranks 11, 12 are pivotally mounted in hang- Zers 20lmou-nted' on a fixed segment 21, which i is supportedby ears or brackets 22 depending from the top plate 3.; Each of said sublevers has a rearwardly extending arm 23 to which is c'onnectedone end of 'a returning spring 24, the other endof which is con- :nected to a bracket25. The rearwardly extending arms-23 lie beneath a stepped seglnentalfluniversal bar 26, which is mounted .for: parallel vertical motion.

A link 27 is pivoted at'28 of a bracket 29 depending from said' univeris secured to the fixed seg m ent'2l. The universal bar s supported at its upper end'by armswlying parallel'to. the-link- 27. These herein. A fixed dog 32 and a loose dog 33 mounted on the rear face of'the universal bar,

carriage. I

When one of the keysis depressed the arm 23 of the corresponding sub-lever is elevated and said arm elevates the universal bar 26. The motion of said universal bar is guided above referred to, and the lower middle part of the universal bar 1s guided in said motion insipid normaljppsition. F This operation-is 1.3-fto arms 14 mounted on rock shafts 153 which are JOurnaled'at their rear ends mthe.

their forward'ends in frame plates 16; Said? rock. shaftsv are, actuated by keys, 17, the. ivoted to arms 18*:on the to the lower end sal bar, and'at 30 to a fixed bracket,31 which by the arms extending from the rock shaft by the link 27. A-itooth of-the escapement' wheel tooth is behindsaid loose dog. The

armsfixed on a transverse rock shaft, said control an escapement wheel 34L which is fixedon ashaft 35 which is geared to the onthe platen from falling repeated at each succeeding key operation.

7 These parts have not been fully shown nor said type bar andthe keys as shown herein are claimed in my application Serial No. 201,260, filed April 2nd, 1904. w The top plate 3 projects forward of th front face of the platen and serves as adust guard to prevent the dirtof erasures made into the pivotal bearings of. the type bars.

vThis feature isnot clalmed herein, but isclaimed in my said application Serial N 0. 201,260.

The shaft35 is journaled near its ends in two frame plates 36 and 37 which are I mounted on the back shelf 38 of the-main frame towhich they aresecured by screws 39 (Fig. 2.) threaded into lugs 40 risingfrom said shelfl shaft'41 is .journaled in the frame ieces36 and 37, and on this shaft 15 journa ed a spring drum 42 and a gear wheel 43 which is rigidly connected to said spring drum and which meshes with a feed rack 44 fixed to the underside of the carriage 5, said gear extending through a slot in the top plate 3 and the rail4. A driving spring 45 isconnected at its inner end to the shaft 41 and at its outer end to the drum 42. The. gear wheel 43 meshes with a pinion 46 which is fixed on a shaft 47 (Fig-2), which is journaled in the frame pieces 36 and 37.

.As shown, a gear wheel 48, also fixed on the shaft 47 meshes with an idle gear 49 on a shaft 50, which is journaled in the frame plates 36 and 37, and said idle gear meshes [with a pinion 51 which is looselymounted on the. shaft 35 of. the escapement wheel. The hub 52 of the pinion '51 (Fig. 1) 1s formed with ratchetteeth which engage corresponding teeth on a sleeve 53 which is 55 coiled about the shaft 35 and compressed be- .tween'said sleeve and a collar 55 fixed on spllned on the shaft 35, and which is pressed toward the hub 52 by a spring 54' which is said shaft. The construction is such that thepinion 51 is free to turn on the shaft 35 in one direction but not in the other. The

shaft 41has fixed thereona ratchet wheel 56;, which. is engaged by a retaining pawland by" which the ension ofthe spring 4515 cantroiled in a manner well known in the art.

The carriage is'returned to beg n a new they would mesh with each other.

58 which is fixed on the outer end of a shaft.

59which is journaled in the main frame of. the machine. A segmental gear 60 is loosely mounted'on the shaft 59 and meshes with a pinion 61 which is fixed on ashaft 62, which is journalcd. at one end in abracket 62 projecting from the main frame other end in the frame piece 36. Near its inner end the shaft 62 has rigidly mounted thereon a beveled gear 63 which meshes with a beveled gear 64-, which is rigidly connected with the gear wheel 43 and spring drum 42. The'construction is suchthatlif the handle 57 be depressed the shaft 62 will be turned toward the back of the machine and the gear wheel 43 will be turned and the carriage will be moved across the machine. The machine is shown in the drawings geared up to write such a language as Arabic. The feeding mechanism is adapted to feed the carriage from left to right as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2, and the returning mechanism is geared up to move the carriagefrom right to left. In order to gear the machine up to write such .a language as English, the spring 45 would be disconnected from its hooks and turned around so as to exert its tension in the other direction and the ratchetwheel 56 and its pawl would be correspondingly reversed; the idle pinion 49 would be'removcd from the machine, or, at least, moved out of gear, and the gear wheel 48 and pinion 51 would be replaced by wheels of larger siz' so that The spring would then tend to drive the carriage from right to left, but the cscapement wheel -and'its shaft 35 would still turn in the same direction as that indicated in Fig. 2. The carriage returning mechanism would be re- ..ver'sed by turning the beveled gear 63 around and moving itto the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, that is to say, it would be moved to'the other side of the center motion of the beveled gear 64. It will ,thus be seeii that the driving spring is reversible,-tl 1at the gear which connects said spring with the escapement wheel is change able, and that the returning lever is connected to the carriage by gearing, one mc1nber of which is changeable. It will also be perceived that this change in the gearing does not require any change in the castings and at the of, the machine,'nor the. use of any new parts, except the gear 48 and pinion 51.

Ordinarily, ofcourse, in the manufacture of these machlnes, each machine would be geared up-when first assembled to suit the particular language which that machine was designed to write; but the gearing of any machine couldbe changed at any-time from one style to the other. In substituting other wheel'sfor the wheels 51 and 48, the ve .llsa

Q platen has a shaft 6.6 which is journaled the .end pieces ofithecarriage 5. The ratchet {wheel is operated by .a pawl 67 which is pivoted at =68 to an upwardly extendmg .a-rm =69 .ofa lever which is pivoted nit 5K0 to one of the .end pieces of the carriage.- The pawl 67 is pressed toward the ratchet wheel \65 a spring71 fixed to thearm x69 and engaging the heel of the pawl. The extent 02E motion imparted to said ratchet wheel by said pawl as regulated by adjustingla guard plate72,

which .18 pnvoted on the shaft :66 and which is adjustable :to any one of several positions in which it yieldingly held by a spring the conical end of which enters openings or depressions 73 in said guard plate.

The pawl 67 normally restson the periph cry of the guard plate 7 2 and said pawl has a uniform extent of motion more than sufiieient if the entire extent of such motion were j utilized to turn the ratchet wheel .67 2a d18- tance of three teeth. Said ratchet-wheel is turned through thisdistance' at each operation of said pawl when the guard plate 72 is set in its extremeforwardn-position with the spring pin engaging the'rearmost one of the three depressions 73. When said guard plate is moved back to a point'where said pin engages the middle one of said oepressions 73, the pawl is held ouit of engagement with the ratchet wheel by the guard plate until the first ratchet tooth with which said pawl would otherwise engage has been passed, but moves ofiflthe end of theguard plate and into engagement'with the ratchet wheel in time tomove said wheel adistance of two teeth. When the guard plate is moved still further toward the back of the machine until the spring pin engagesthe iorward one of .the three depressions 73,.the guard plate holds the. pawl out 10f engage- I ment with the wheel through a space ofitwo teeth, thus permitting said wheel to be turned throi igh a .distancelof only one tooth by said paw.

The lever 69 has a rearwardly extending 'arm 74 npon which is mounted one end of a yoke bar 75 which e tends lengthwise'of the carriage and at its other end is rigidly connected with an arm 7 6 which-is pivoted-at 7 7 to the other .end piece of the platen frame. I The arms '74'and 7 6 and the bar 75 together." .eonstttute a yoke frame; The "irameiis raised to-ioperate thepawl 67 to impart a line feed to the platen by a roller? 8 mounted in the upper end ofia rod 79,4t-he-lower end of which is pivoted at to an arm :81 which extends toward the hack of the machine from ia'sleeve 82 which is journaled on the shai'tt 5% Aniamn 83 of the sleeve 82 has an "ahti firiction moller 84 journaled thereon and saidrol-ler lies in position to be engaged by the icamnnd :85 of a segment 86, which is loosely mounted on the shaft 59 by the side of the gear segment 60. Said. gear segment is not rigidly mounted on the shaft 59, but is loose thereon, and has a pawl 87 pivoted thereto .at .88. Said pawl has an upwardly extending iiorked arm 89,. .and' into the fork ofsaid .arm extends a pin. 90 which projects fireman arm 91, the hub of which is fixed on the shaft .59. The segment 86 has a ratchet toothed portion 92 (Fig. 3-) which is in position to be engaged by the pawl 87, but this pawl is normally held out of engagemerit with said ratchet by a spring .94 which connected. at one end to the gear segment 60 and at the other end to said pawl. The $15 motion of the pawl under the impulse of the spring 94 is limited by a stop pin 95' which projects from a toothed portion 96 of the gear segment 60. The toothed segment 96 operates the ribbon mechanism which is not .shown herein.

The segment 86 is held in its normal position, shown in the drawings, b a spring 37 which is connected at .one en to the frame and at the other end to a pin 98 pro. 'jecting from said segment. about as shown in Fig. 4 at 99, and t is bent end normally engages a stop cushion 100 of felt .or other sound deadening material.

The construction is such that when the re- Said se .ment isturning handle .57 is depressed, the pin 90- is moved toward the front of the machine and presses the pawl 87 into engagement with the ratchet 92'against the tension of the spring '94. The segment 86 and the gear segment 60 are then moved'by said handle,

the gearsegment 60 returning the carriage in the-manner which has been described. The cam portion '85 of the segment'86 moves the roller 84: to the dotted line position 84 (Fig.

, 3), which raises the arm 81, the rod 79 and the yoke bar 7 5 and operates the awlfi? and thus imparts the line s ace eed to the platen. When the hand e is released, thev spring 94 moves the pawl 87 out of engagement with the ratchet 92, the spring 97' restores the. segment 86 to normal position and the arms 83 and ,81 and the parts connected thereto drop back to normal position. The

gear segment 60 does not return to the norand position atthistime but the osition of said segment is controlled at all times by the position of the carriage.

It will be perceived that the line teed will be imparted to the platen during the first part of the motion of the handle, in whatever position in the line of writing the carriage may be at the time.

Thebar 75 has a margin stop 101 and a line stop 102 adjustably mounted thereon,

55 gear.

and these stops are in position to engage a lug 103 which proicts toward the front of the machine from an arm 104, which is pivoted in brackets 105 projecting from the main frame. The arm 104 is held in normal position by a. spring 106 but may be pressed toward the back of the machine against the tension of said spring in order to permit the stops to pass the lug 103. When the carriage is returned to initial position-by the handle, the bar 75 occupies an elevated position in which the margin stop 101 is adapted to engage the upper end 107 of the arm 104. The stops .101 and 102 may be readily changed in case the machine is changed from one language to another.

I The bar 75 may be raised sufiiciently to *a'use the stops 101 and 102 to pass above the lug 103 but not sufliciently to impart a feed movement to the platen by a release key 108 (Fig. 2) formed on the end of a lever 109 which is pivoted at 110 to one of the end pieces of the'carriage and the rear end of which lies beneath an arm 111 which projects from the bar 75.

What. I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is y 1. In typewriting machine, the combi-l nation of a carriage; a reversible spring for driving said carriage; an eseapement; changeable gearing connecting said escape ment and carriage; a carriagereturning lever on the main frame; and gearing connecting said lever and said gearing having a member shiftable to re- "verse the direction of power transmission.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage; a reversible driving spring geared to said carriage; an escapement; changeable gearing connecting the escapement. and carriage; and a carriage returning lever connected to the carriage by vgearing having a member shiftable to opporsite sides of another member of said gearing ft!) reverse the direction of power transmission.

'3. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage; a hand lever fulcrumed on the frame and provided with a wrist or crank pin; a segmental gear a pawl pivoted 'to said segmental gear and engaging said crank pin; a ratchet and cam segment actuated bysaid pawl; line feed mechanism actuated by said cam segment; and carriage moving gearing actuated by said segmental 4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a hand lever fulcrumed on the frame and provided with a crank pin; 1

a segmental gear; a pawl pivotedto said 6' segmental gear and engaged by said crank pin aa cam segment concentric with said segmeht'al gear; a ratchet connected to said cam segmentand adtuated by said pawl; a pin-v ion meshing with said segmental gear and i 6 fixed on a shaft which is geared to the carcarriage, said riage; an arm journaled on said shaft and controlled by said cam segment; and a line space device controlled by said arm.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage; a hand lever fulcrumed on the main frame and provided with a crank pin; a segmental gear geared to said carriage; a pawl )ivoted to said segmental gear and engaged y said crank pin; a cam segment concentric with said segmental gear; a ratchet connected to said cam segment and actuated by said pawl; a line space device actuated by said cam; and means for returning said cam to normal position when said hand lever is released.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage; a gear which is geared to said carriage to return the same; a pawl pivoted to said gear; a ratchet operated by said pawl; a spring which normally holds said pawl out of engagement with said ratchet; means for moving said pawl into engagement with said ratchet and operating said ratchet and said gear; and a line-space device operated by said ratchet.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and platen, of means for imparting a step by-ste feed to said carriage, said means being c iangeable so as to feed the carriage in either direction; a carriagereturning device which is changeable to move the carriage in either direction; and a line-feed device operated by said carriage returning device.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and platen, of feed devices for said carriage, said feed devices being changeable to feed said carria e in either direction; a carriage returning d evice mounted on the main frame and changeable to move the carriage in either direction; and a line feed device operated by said carriage returning device.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and platen, of means for imparting a step-by-step feed to said carria e, said means being changeable so as to feed the carriage in either direction; a carriage returning device mounted in the machine and changeable to move the carriage in either direction; and a line-feed device operated by said carriage returning device.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and laten, of a handle and connections mounted in the machine for movingsaid carriage, said connections being changeable to move the carriage in either direction; and a linejfeed device operated by said handle whether said connections be set to move the carriage one way or the other.

11. In a typewriting machine, the-combination with the carriage and platen, of means mounted in the machine for moving said carriage across the machine, said means being changeable to move the carriage ineither direct on; and a line-feed deviee operated by said means whether said connections be set to move "the carriage oneway o'r theother. v

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a platen mounted on saidcal riage, step-by-step feed devices for said carriage, a hand "actuated leverand connections for returning sald carriage, a

segment movably'mounted co-axially with said lever, means operated by said segment for Q imparting'a line-space feed to said platen, and. means for automatically con- 15 ondaga, and Stateof New York. this twenty- 20 seventh day of June A; 1904.

ALEXANDE -T. BROWN;

Witnesses: I

E. E. CORY, A. L. HmMAN.. 

